NMNH is "Reduced β-nicotinamide mononucleotide", which is the reduced form of NMN. The molecular formula of NMNH is C11H17N2O8P, molecular weight: 336.23g/mol, CAS No.: 108347-85-9, and it is a non-toxic Shaped yellow powder. The latest research literature shows that NMNH increases NAD+ levels faster and at a higher concentration, on average 5 times that of NMN. NMNH has achieved industrial development with a purity of ≥99% and is available in two forms: free acid and sodium salt.
In in vitro experiments, researchers used NMN and NMNH at the same time to detect their ability to increase NAD+ levels in cells. Different concentrations of NMN and NMNH were added to AML12 mouse hepatocytes, and it was found that compared with NMN, NMNH not only significantly increased the level of NAD+ in the cells, but also accelerated the increase in NAD+ concentration.
NMNH acts as a potent NAD+ enhancer in vitro.
Compared with NMN, NMNH can increase NAD+ levels in various tissues, with the liver (increased by 5 times) and kidney (increased by 2 times) having the greatest impact. Surprisingly, NMNH also significantly increased the NAD+ content in the brain, gastrocnemius muscle, brown adipose tissue, and heart, which NMN could not do.
The reduced form of Mononucleotide (NMN) is shown in Figure 1. Compared with NMN, NMNH has one more hydrogen atom attached to the phosphate group.
Application
NMN taps into the production of NAD+, which provides cells with the energy they need and is considered essential for healthy aging. NAD+ also plays a key role in activating proteins that maintain the integrity of our DNA. Given its central role in numerous cellular processes, the potential advantages of NMN extend to nearly all human systems. Here are some of the more famous examples.
NMNH promotes vascular health and blood flow
We rely on skeletal muscles for movement, stability and strength. To stay strong and in good condition, these muscles must consume large amounts of key energy molecules, such as glucose and fatty acids. Since NAD+ is needed to metabolize these molecules, our muscles need a steady supply of their building blocks, such as NMN.
Mouse studies have shown that NMN can prevent many of the health declines associated with aging, such as blood vessel stiffness, oxidative stress, the ability of our cells to keep dividing, and even changes in the activity of our genes, which scientists call genes. Express.
NMNH improves muscular endurance and strength
Studies have shown that mice fed NMN for a long time have better energy metabolism without obvious side effects. As we age and our own supply of NAD+ decreases, muscle health becomes increasingly important.
NMNH prevents heart disease
At least your skeletal muscles need a break. Not only can your heart not rest, it can't even slow down without causing serious problems. Therefore, the energy demands of the heart are enormous. To keep it ticking, it needs to make all the NAD+ it can. This is why heart cells require a steady supply of NMN.
NMNH reduces risk of obesity
Obesity is linked to a variety of unhealthy conditions and can be difficult to treat. There are no simple remedies for obesity and related diseases such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome. While constant lifestyle adjustments like exercise and healthy eating are crucial, every little bit helps.
In mouse studies, NMN showed an effect that mimicked calorie restriction (CR). Although CR has been shown to bring many benefits to aging and health, maintaining this state over the long term is difficult. It would certainly be beneficial to mimic the benefits of such an extreme diet without adhering to it.
NMNH enhances maintenance of DNA repair
NAD+, made from NMN, activates a group of proteins called sirtuins. Sirtuins, sometimes considered the guardians of our health, play a key role in maintaining DNA integrity. Every time our cells divide, the DNA at the very ends of our chromosomes gets a little shorter. At some point, this starts to damage our genes. Sirtuins slow this process by stabilizing these terminal sites (scientifically called telomeres). In order to function, Sirtuins rely on NAD+. Recent research shows that feeding mice NMN activates sirtuin and leads to more stable telomeres.
NMNH increases mitochondrial function
Simply put, we cannot survive without mitochondria. These unique cellular structures are called the powerhouse of the cell. They convert molecules in the food we eat into energy that our cells use. NAD+ is crucial in this process. In fact, mitochondrial abnormalities caused by NAD+ loss may even affect neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Studies in mice have shown that NMN supplementation can rescue some mitochondrial dysfunction.
